# What is the difference between a psychologist, psychiatrist and counsellor in Kenya?

URL: https://tymirahealth.com/resources/faqs/what-is-the-difference-between-a-psychologist-psychiatrist-and-counsellor-in-kenya
For: Patients | Mental health | Reviewed by Independent clinical reviewer, Registered mental health clinician, Kenya | Last reviewed 23 October 2026

**Answer:** A psychiatrist is a medical doctor who can diagnose mental health conditions and prescribe medication. A clinical psychologist assesses and treats mental health conditions with psychological therapies but does not prescribe. A counsellor provides talking therapy for emotional and life difficulties. In Kenya, psychiatrists are registered with KMPDC, and counsellors and psychologists with the Counsellors and Psychologists Board.

### Who does what

**Quick comparison**

- Psychiatrist: medical doctor; diagnosis, medication and complex or severe conditions.
- Clinical psychologist: psychological assessment and evidence-based therapy.
- Counselling psychologist or counsellor: talking therapy for stress, relationships, grief and life changes.
- Psychiatric nurse: nursing care and medication support, often in hospitals and community programmes.

### Who should I see first?

Many people start with a counsellor or psychologist. If symptoms are severe, include thoughts of self-harm, or may need medication, a doctor or psychiatrist should be involved. Professionals often work together and refer to each other.

> **Important:** If you or someone you know is in immediate danger or thinking about suicide, call 999 or 112, go to the nearest hospital emergency department, or call the free Kenya Red Cross line 1199. This article is general information. It does not diagnose, treat or replace care from a qualified professional.

## More questions

### Can a psychologist prescribe medication in Kenya?

No. Only medical practitioners such as psychiatrists and other doctors can prescribe medication.

### Do I need a referral to see a psychiatrist in Kenya?

Not always for private practice, but public hospitals and some insurers or SHA pathways may require one.

### Which is cheaper, a counsellor or a psychiatrist?

Counsellors usually charge less per session than psychiatrists. See our guide to therapy costs in Kenya.

## Related questions

- [Does SHA cover mental health and counselling in Kenya?](https://tymirahealth.com/resources/faqs/does-sha-cover-mental-health-and-counselling-in-kenya)
- [How can I get mental health support for my child or teenager in Kenya?](https://tymirahealth.com/resources/faqs/how-can-i-get-mental-health-support-for-my-child-or-teenager-in-kenya)
- [How do I book a therapy appointment online in Kenya?](https://tymirahealth.com/resources/faqs/how-do-i-book-a-therapy-appointment-online-in-kenya)

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